Reproductive Justice: Empowering Choices for All

We may earn money or products from the companies mentioned in this post.

Did you know that in 1994, African American women started the reproductive justice movement¹? This idea is more than just about abortion rights. It’s about all the health issues that affect you and your community.

Imagine a world where you can make choices about your body without being forced or judged¹. That’s what reproductive justice is all about. It’s about having the freedom to decide about your body and to keep your children safe.

Reproductive justice knows that different people face different challenges. If you’re a person of color, have a disability, or are LGBTQ+, you might find it hard to get reproductive healthcare²¹. This movement wants to make things fair. It fights for policies that protect everyone’s right to make their own health choices.

Reproductive justice is more than just a theory. It’s about making a difference in real life. It covers everything from birth control to sex education, from pregnancy care to helping victims of violence¹. It’s a complete approach that understands the complex feelings and decisions around reproductive health.

Are you ready to be part of this movement? To practice reproductive justice, you need to think deeply, find support, and live by these principles every day¹. Let’s work together for a future where everyone enjoys gender equality and women’s rights in real life.

Key Takeaways

• Reproductive justice was founded in 1994 by African American women
• It covers a wide range of reproductive health issues beyond abortion
• The framework recognizes unequal impacts on different groups
• It advocates for safe, affordable, and accessible reproductive choices
• Practicing reproductive justice involves personal reflection and action
• The concept aims to empower all individuals in their reproductive decisions

Understanding Reproductive Justice

Reproductive justice is more than just women’s rights. It’s about how different things affect your right to make choices about your body. You might be curious, what does this mean?

Definition and Origins

In 1994, a group of Black women in Chicago came up with the term “reproductive justice.” They believed everyone should have the right to decide about their bodies and lives. This idea grew during the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development and the 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing³.

The Three Core Principles

Reproductive justice has three main ideas:

• The right to have a child
• The right not to have a child
• The right to parent children in safe and healthy environments

This means reproductive freedom is not just about preventing pregnancy or ending a pregnancy. It’s about making choices without facing discrimination or barriers.

Beyond Abortion Rights

Abortion rights are important, but reproductive justice is bigger. It includes access to birth control, good sex education, and quality healthcare for moms. The National Council of Jewish Women (NCJW) has worked for 125 years to support these rights in the U.S⁴..

It also looks at how the environment affects us. For example, climate change might make early births more likely, which could harm both mom and baby⁵. This shows how reproductive justice connects with the environment and social issues, making it a movement that covers many areas.

Understanding reproductive justice means seeing its wide impact on your life and community. It’s about making a world where everyone can make choices about their bodies freely, without being forced or judged.

The Historical Context of Reproductive Justice

The fight for reproductive freedom has deep roots in American history. You might be surprised to learn that the women’s rights movement didn’t always address the needs of all women. It took a group of Black women in Chicago to start the Reproductive Justice movement in 1994⁶.

This movement began because the main women’s rights movement focused mainly on white, middle-class women. It didn’t fully address the issues faced by women of color and other marginalized groups. The Black Women’s Caucus saw the need to talk about the reproductive health of Black women and the limits of the “pro-choice” movement⁶.

Let’s look at history quickly. From 1619 to 1865, Black women in slavery were seen as ‘breeders,’ losing basic motherhood rights. Then, in 1873, the Comstock Act made sharing info on contraception and abortion a crime⁷.

The 20th century had its own hurdles. By the 1930s, 21 states had laws on eugenics. In the 1950s, Puerto Rico tested the first oral contraceptive, leading to 35% of Puerto Rican women being sterilized by 1965⁷.

In the 1970s, social justice became a focus. The Title X Family Planning Program started in 1970, helping low-income families with family planning. Then, the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973 made abortion legal in the U.S⁷.

Today, the Reproductive Justice movement fights for the rights, health, and justice of Black women and other marginalized groups. It supports abortion rights, equal access to contraception, and full sex education⁶. The path to reproductive freedom is ongoing, but we’re getting closer to a fairer society with each step.

Intersectionality and Reproductive Justice

Reproductive justice looks at the complex mix of human experiences. It’s not just one issue; it’s a web of factors that affect your reproductive choices and rights.

Race, Class, and Gender

In 1994, Black women introduced “Reproductive Justice.” They saw it wasn’t just about choosing whether to have a baby. They knew your race, class, and gender greatly influence your reproductive healthcare access.

Think about it: everyone needs access to abortion, no matter their background. But, true abortion justice requires understanding intersectionality. Kimberlé Crenshaw coined this term in 1989, showing that women’s experiences vary greatly⁸.

LGBTQ+ Rights and Reproductive Justice

LGBTQ+ rights are key to reproductive justice. Your sexual orientation and gender identity affect your reproductive healthcare. The movement fights against discrimination based on sexuality and more⁹.

Disability and Reproductive Justice

Disability rights are vital to reproductive justice. If you have a disability, getting reproductive healthcare can be harder. The goal is to make sure everyone, including those with disabilities, has full well-being⁹.

It’s important to remember, you might face inequality and privilege at the same time. Reproductive justice urges you to see your advantages and the complex mix of identities that shape your reproductive life⁸.

Reproductive Justice vs. Reproductive Rights

Many people think reproductive rights and justice are the same. But they’re not exactly the same. Reproductive rights focus on keeping abortion legal. Reproductive justice looks at a bigger picture.

Reproductive rights are about your legal right to choose. But reproductive justice asks, “Can you really make that choice?” It points out that even with legal abortion, many women of color and marginalized groups face barriers. These can be due to money or where they live¹⁰.

The idea of reproductive justice started in the 1990s with women of color. It’s based on universal human rights¹¹. It fights for the right to control your body. This includes deciding if you want to have children, parenting with dignity, and living safely¹¹.

Let’s look at the differences:

• Reproductive rights focus on legal protections
• Reproductive justice looks at systemic inequalities
• It covers a wider range of issues than just abortion

Reproductive justice takes a broader view than reproductive rights. It looks at making sure kids grow up in safe places. It also supports planned and healthy pregnancies, prevents unwanted pregnancies, and supports sexual freedom¹².

At its core, reproductive justice aims for healthcare equity and access to abortion for everyone. It’s a call for a more inclusive way to look at reproductive health.

Access to Comprehensive Sex Education

Ever wondered why sex education is such a hot topic? It’s because it’s a game-changer for your health and future. Let’s dive into why it matters and how it’s making waves across the US.

Importance of Accurate Information

Did you know 55% of US high school students have had sex by age 18? Yet, only 9% use both condoms and effective birth control¹³. That’s why accurate information is key. Quality sex education leads to fewer STIs, less unintended pregnancy, and smarter choices¹⁴.

Challenges in Implementing Sex Ed Programs

Despite its benefits, many young Americans still lack quality sex education¹⁴. Cultural barriers and resource shortages are to blame. But here’s the kicker: abstinence-only programs don’t work. They don’t prevent early sexual activity or risky behavior¹⁵.

Success Stories and Best Practices

The good news? Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is gaining support. It’s not just about the basics – it’s a tool for social change. It tackles reproductive justice, LGBTQ equality, and gender equity¹⁴. The UN suggests starting CSE at age 5, seeing it as a lifelong process¹⁵.

By empowering you with knowledge about your body and rights, CSE is paving the way for a sexually healthy world. It’s not just about sex – it’s about your health, your choices, and your future¹⁴.

Contraception and Family Planning

Access to birth control and planning your family are key to reproductive health. Did you know that 99% of sexually active U.S. women have used some kind of birth control? Most, 87.5%, chose methods that work really well¹⁶. This shows how important it is to manage your fertility with these methods.

Worldwide, family planning is changing. In 2021, 1.9 billion women of childbearing age needed help with family planning. But, 874 million were using modern birth control methods¹⁷. This is good news, as it helps prevent health risks for babies.

Even with progress, there are still hurdles. In the U.S., 49% of pregnancies were unplanned, costing $12.5 billion in 2008¹⁶. Around the world, 218 million women lack access to family planning¹⁸. Reasons include not having enough options, cultural beliefs, and gender issues.

Family planning makes a big difference. Spending on birth control services saves the U.S. healthcare a lot of money¹⁶. Teaching about sexuality helps people make better choices than just focusing on not having sex¹⁶.

When thinking about your reproductive choices, remember that there are different birth control options. Your doctor can help you pick the best one for you. This way, you can plan your family when you want to.

Maternal Health and Reproductive Justice

Maternal health is key to reproductive justice. You should get good prenatal care and support after giving birth, no matter your background. Let’s look at the current situation and how we can make things better.

Addressing Maternal Mortality Rates

The U.S. has a big problem with maternal health, especially for Black and brown communities. To help, Massachusetts wants to give MassHealth to eligible women during pregnancy and for a year after giving birth. This includes things like doula care and checking for depression¹⁹. This move aims to make sure everyone gets the care they need.

Prenatal and Postpartum Care

It’s important to make sure everyone can get prenatal and postpartum care. Some states are doing their part:

• 27 states have approved Medicaid Postpartum Coverage Extension²⁰
• Six states offer Medicaid reimbursement for doula services²⁰
• 21 states allow pharmacists to prescribe contraceptives²⁰

Cultural Competency in Maternal Care

It’s crucial to make sure care is culturally sensitive. Here’s how:

• Working with community groups and health centers¹⁹
• Creating a reproductive justice unit in the Attorney General’s Office¹⁹
• Looking into NYC-based Doula programs²¹

There’s ongoing research to improve maternal health. CUNY SPH has a program in Maternal, Child, Reproductive, and Sexual Health. This helps experts in this field²¹. By focusing on maternal health, we’re working towards reproductive justice for everyone.

Abortion Rights and Access

Abortion rights and access are key to reproductive freedom. In the U.S., abortion healthcare access is changing fast. This change deeply affects reproductive justice.

Since 1973, over 1,300 abortion restrictions have been made in the U.S. By January 2023, abortion is banned in 12 states with few exceptions. It’s also not available in two more²². This means nearly 30% of women of childbearing age live in states with tough abortion laws or no access²².

These laws don’t affect everyone equally. If you’re a person of color or have a low income, getting an abortion is harder. For example, 23% of Latinas and 13% of Black women aged 15-49 don’t have health insurance, unlike 8% of White women²². This shows how reproductive freedom and healthcare access are linked.

“Abortion access is a fundamental human right, essential for reproductive freedom and healthcare equity.”

The fight for abortion rights is about more than just laws. It’s about making sure people can get care. After Roe v. Wade was overturned, over 10,000 people couldn’t get an abortion at a clinic in the first two months²². This shows how strict laws hurt reproductive freedom.

Worldwide, the situation is worse. One in four pregnancies ends in abortion every year, with 25 million unsafe ones happening annually, mostly in poor countries²³. These unsafe abortions are a big reason for preventable deaths in women worldwide²³.

The battle for abortion rights and access goes on. A $100 million pledge has been made by reproductive health groups for the ‘Abortion Access Now’ campaign²⁴. This campaign aims to increase access and get a federal right to abortion in all states²⁴. Your support can help in this important fight for reproductive freedom and healthcare access.

The Role of Men in Reproductive Justice

Reproductive justice isn’t just for women. It’s time to rethink gender roles and recognize men’s vital role in this fight for equality. Men are key to achieving reproductive justice and sharing the responsibility of family planning.

Vasectomies and Male Contraception

It’s time for men to up their game in birth control. Vasectomies are a safe, effective way for men to control their fertility. By doing so, men take a big step in sharing the load of family planning. This challenges old-fashioned gender norms.

Challenging Traditional Gender Roles

Did you know men have thoughts on abortion too? Many men and women share similar views on reproductive rights²⁵. It’s time to move past the idea that only women should worry about these issues. By joining the reproductive justice movement, men can help ensure safe abortion and push for fair family roles²⁵²⁶.

Allyship and Support

To be a true ally, educate yourself and question your own biases. Groups like the North American Men Engage Network (NAMEN) have fought against harmful masculinity for years²⁶. Your support can greatly help advance reproductive justice, sexual health, and equality for everyone²⁷.

Reproductive justice is about more than just rights. It’s about access, freedom, and tearing down barriers²⁷. So, men, it’s time to get involved. Your voice and actions can help create a fairer world for all.

Want to learn more? Explore these resources on men’s role in reproductive justice and start making a change today!

Reproductive Justice in the Global Context

Reproductive justice is a big issue worldwide, touching the lives of millions. Since 1994, almost 60 countries have made their abortion laws less strict, with 26 now allowing it on request. The U.S. is one of just three countries to have made abortion laws stricter during this time²⁸.

The world’s view on reproductive rights keeps changing. Some countries move forward, while others go backward. For example, 37 out of 46 Council of Europe countries let abortion up to 22 weeks for various reasons. This shows a big difference in U.S. and European abortion laws²⁸.

Reproductive justice is more than just about abortion. It looks at how things like gender, race, class, and more affect health care access. These factors are key to making sure everyone can make choices about their health²⁹.

Groups like RHEDI are working to make sure everyone can get the health care they need. They focus on helping those who are often left out. This fits with the idea of global health that sees how different social issues are all connected.

At the 1994 UN Conference on Population and Development, over 180 countries agreed on basic rights for women’s health. The World Health Organization says everyone has the right to make choices about their family planning³⁰. But, even where these rights exist, many women still can’t get the health care they need. This shows how hard the fight for reproductive rights is worldwide.

Legal and Policy Frameworks for Reproductive Justice

Reproductive justice looks at more than just individual rights. It looks at how society and the economy affect reproductive health. It says that laws and policies are key to making sure people can get reproductive healthcare.

International Human Rights Standards

Did you know that reproductive rights come from international human rights? These rights give you the power to decide about your body and health. Groups like Legal Momentum have fought for these rights in big cases like Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022) and Whole Women’s Health v. Cole (2016)³¹.

National Policies and Legislation

In the U.S., laws on reproductive rights are mixed. The Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances (FACE) Act of 1994 helped protect people going to health clinics³¹. But, getting reproductive healthcare is hard, especially for Black, Indigenous, and people of color who often can’t afford it¹⁰.

Advocacy for Policy Change

Pushing for policy changes is key to reproductive justice. This idea started with Black women in the 1990s and looks at more than just the right to choose¹⁰. It’s about having the right to have a child and take care of it³².

We need a strong plan to fix social inequality and help women and girls. This means supporting groups that are left out and making sure allies work together³². It’s about making lives better, creating healthy families, and building strong communities³².

When you’re looking at reproductive justice, remember your voice counts. By getting involved in policy advocacy and supporting everyone, you help make sure reproductive rights are for everyone.

The Satanic Temple and Reproductive Rights

The Satanic Temple, with over 300,000 members, fights for religious freedom and abortion access³³. They don’t worship Satan but use religious arguments to challenge laws. This group is nontheistic.

In 2020, they introduced the Satanic Abortion Ritual. It says abortion is a religious right for members³³. This move aims to get around laws that aren’t needed for abortion³⁴. The ritual includes reciting two Tenets and a personal affirmation. It’s about controlling your body and using science.

The Temple also fights for reproductive rights in many ways. They’ve taken legal steps in states like Missouri and Texas to protect abortion access³³. They’ve even put up billboards in big cities to share their beliefs on abortion.

“Our body is inviolable, subject to one’s own will alone.”

To help their cause, The Satanic Temple made an Informed Consent database. It gives info on abortion laws in each state³³. They’re also asking the FDA for easier access to abortifacients and planning counseling services that meet state rules.

The Satanic Temple uses religious freedom to fight for reproductive justice. Their approach is unique in the fight for reproductive rights. You can learn more about their campaigns here.

Economic Justice and Reproductive Freedom

Reproductive freedom and economic justice go hand in hand. Your choices about your body depend on your financial situation. Let’s explore how money affects reproductive rights and why equality at work is important.

The Cost of Reproductive Healthcare

Healthcare costs can block your path to reproductive freedom. Did you know that getting an abortion can cost from $300 to $12,000³⁵? This price is too high for many, with 61% not having enough money for an emergency abortion³⁵. Restrictions on abortion rights also hurt the economy, costing the U.S. $173 billion a year³⁶.

Workplace Policies and Parental Leave

Equality at work is key to reproductive justice. Women who can’t get abortions and must carry pregnancies to term are four times more likely to live in poverty³⁶. We need better work policies, like paid leave and flexible work, for this reason. Remember, having control over your finances is crucial for reproductive freedom!

Childcare and Economic Empowerment

Being able to afford childcare is vital for reproductive justice. Without it, many parents, especially women, must choose between work and family. Did you know that free birth control could save the government $12 billion a year on health costs³⁵? This shows how access to reproductive healthcare can boost economic power and society’s health.

The fight for reproductive justice and economic fairness go together. By tackling healthcare costs, improving work policies, and making childcare affordable, we can make a society where everyone can choose about their reproductive health without worrying about money.

Environmental Justice and Reproductive Health

Your reproductive health is closely linked to your environment. Toxic exposure and poor environmental health can affect your ability to have children and raise them safely. In the United States, these issues hit marginalized communities the hardest.

Climate change is changing our world and making health problems worse for reproductive health. Women and birthing individuals face these challenges differently, dealing with racism and gender issues³⁷.

In Pittsburgh, air pollution makes early births more likely, which can lead to higher infant death rates. Black communities see more heart, lung, and hormonal diseases during pregnancy³⁸.

“Environmental justice is reproductive justice. We can’t separate the health of our bodies from the health of our planet.”

Climate-related disasters increase the risk of gender-based violence and unplanned pregnancies. After Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, 31% of sexual violence cases happened in shelters³⁹.

The connection between reproductive and environmental justice shows how health, safety, and equality are linked. Climate change hits women, girls, and gender-nonconforming people in low-income communities of color hard³⁹.

Congress has introduced the Protecting Moms and Babies Against Climate Change Act. The EPA plans to give nearly $3 billion in community environmental justice grants³⁸. These efforts aim to make a healthier environment for everyone. They want to improve reproductive health and create a more just future.

The Future of Reproductive Justice

The future of reproductive justice is changing fast. New reproductive technologies are opening up new possibilities. At the same time, more people are fighting for everyone’s rights.

Emerging Technologies and Ethical Considerations

Reproductive technology is moving quickly. We’re seeing things like genetic editing and artificial wombs. These advancements offer new choices but also bring up big questions.

Questions like who gets to use these technologies and how they affect society. We need to think about access, safety, and how they change our world.

Building Inclusive Movements

Inclusive activism is key to the future of reproductive justice. Groups like grassroots organizations and abortion funds are crucial. They help those in need⁴⁰.

Now, we’re moving towards more diverse and inclusive ways of thinking. We’re looking at how race, gender, income, and other factors affect reproductive choices.

Education and Empowerment Strategies

Health education is vital for reproductive justice. Sex education programs are getting better, giving you the facts you need. Community outreach is also growing, bringing important resources to those who need them most.

Recent votes show more people support reproductive rights⁴¹. This shows that your voice is important in shaping the future. By staying informed and active, you can help make a world where everyone can make their own choices.

Conclusion

Well, folks, you’ve just taken a wild ride through the rollercoaster of reproductive justice! It’s not just about the birds and the bees anymore. Since the 1990s, we’ve seen a big change from simple family planning to a focus on reproductive rights³. And it’s about time!

But hold onto your hats, because the plot thickens. While birth control is easier to get (yay!), finding an abortion has become hard. Some states are hiding where abortion clinics are, making it tough for women to make their own choices⁴². It’s like a game of reproductive Whac-A-Mole out there!

Here’s the kicker: reproductive justice isn’t just for women. It’s a social justice issue that affects everyone. Men are getting involved too, with groups like Men4Choice fighting for reproductive freedom⁴³. And why shouldn’t they? After all, it takes two to tango! So, whether you’re a man, woman, or somewhere in between, it’s time to join the reproductive rights revolution. Because let’s face it, we’re all in this together!

Source Links

1. Embodying Reproductive Justice: What Does It Mean and Why Does It Matter? – Flourish Counseling & Wellness – https://womenscounselingchicago.com/embodying-reproductive-justice/
2. What Is Reproductive Justice? The Role of Social Workers – https://onlinesocialwork.vcu.edu/blog/what-is-reproductive-justice/
3. Reproductive Rights, Reproductive Justice: Redefining Challenges to Create Optimal Health for All Women – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9930478/
4. PDF – https://www.ncjw.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/RJ-RH-RR-Chart.pdf
5. Reproductive Justice: What Is It? – https://www.webmd.com/women/reproductive-justice-what-is-it
6. Reproductive Justice – In Our Own Voice – https://blackrj.org/our-causes/reproductive-justice/
7. Reproductive Justice Timeline – National Latina Institute for Reproductive Justice – https://www.latinainstitute.org/resource/reproductive-justice-timeline/
8. WHY INTERSECTIONALITY MATTERS FOR REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE – https://www.plannedparenthood.org/planned-parenthood-pacific-southwest/blog/why-intersectionality-matters-for-reproductive-health-care
9. Reproductive Justice & Violence Against Women: Understanding the Intersections – https://vawnet.org/sc/reproductive-justice-violence-against-women-understanding-intersections
10. Reproductive Rights vs. Reproductive Justice: Why the Difference Matters in Bioethics – Bill of Health – https://blog.petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/2020/11/03/reproductive-rights-justice-bioethics/
11. PDF – https://www.ncjw.org/act/action-resources/ncjw-and-reproductive-justice/
12. Comparing Frameworks: What is Reproductive Health, Rights, and Justice? – https://www.uua.org/reproductive/action/comparing-frameworks
13. The Importance of Access to Comprehensive Sex Education – https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/adolescent-sexual-health/equitable-access-to-sexual-and-reproductive-health-care-for-all-youth/the-importance-of-access-to-comprehensive-sex-education/
14. Sex ed is a vehicle for social change. Full stop. – SIECUS – https://siecus.org/sex-ed-is-a-vehicle-for-social-change/
15. Comprehensive sexuality education – https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/comprehensive-sexuality-education
16. Access to Contraception – https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2015/01/access-to-contraception
17. Family planning/contraception methods – https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-contraception
18. Family Planning and Reproductive Health | Basic Page | U.S. Agency for International Development – https://www.usaid.gov/global-health/health-areas/family-planning
19. Defending and Expanding Reproductive Justice – Andrea Campbell – https://www.andreacampbell.org/issues/defending-and-expanding-reproductive-justice/
20. Five Strategies to Promote Reproductive Justice and Family Well-being for Black Girls and Women – Child Trends – https://www.childtrends.org/publications/five-strategies-to-promote-reproductive-justice-and-family-well-being-for-black-girls-and-women
21. Sexual and Reproductive Justice Hub – CUNY Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy – https://sph.cuny.edu/research/srj-hub/
22. Inequity in US Abortion Rights and Access: The End of Roe Is Deepening Existing Divides – https://www.guttmacher.org/2023/01/inequity-us-abortion-rights-and-access-end-roe-deepening-existing-divides
23. Abortion is a human right. – https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/sexual-and-reproductive-rights/abortion-facts/
24. Leading Reproductive Health, Rights, and Justice Organizations Launch ‘Abortion Access Now’ Campaign and $100 Million Investment | American Civil Liberties Union – https://www.aclu.org/press-releases/leading-reproductive-health-rights-and-justice-organizations-launch-abortion-access-now-campaign-and-100-million-investment
25. Give Men Reproductive Rights, Too – https://www.newsweek.com/give-men-reproductive-rights-too-opinion-1883336
26. Men, Reproductive Choice Is Not Just a ‘Women’s Issue’—This Is Your Issue Too – https://msmagazine.com/2022/06/18/men-toxic-masculinity-abortion-roe-v-wade-reproductive-justice/
27. Navigating the Intersections of Reproductive Justice, Sexual Health, and Social Justice for Black Transgender Men – https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/navigating-intersections-reproductive-justice-sexual-nicholas-dba
28. U.S. Abortion Rights in Global Context – Center for Reproductive Rights – https://reproductiverights.org/us-abortion-rights-in-global-context/
29. Reproductive Justice Context – RHEDI – https://rhedi.org/reproductive-justice-context/
30. Introduction: A Global Approach to Reproductive Justice—Psychosocial and Legal Aspects and Implications – https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1367&context=wmjowl
31. Reproductive Justice | Legal Momentum – https://www.legalmomentum.org/reproductive-justice
32. PDF – https://www.law.berkeley.edu/php-programs/courses/fileDL.php?fID=4051
33. How the Satanic Temple is Fighting for Reproductive Rights – https://inkstickmedia.com/how-the-satanic-temple-is-fighting-for-reproductive-rights/
34. RRR Campaigns – https://thesatanictemple.com/pages/rrr-campaigns
35. Reproductive Rights are an Economic Justice Issue – Economic Opportunity Institute – https://www.opportunityinstitute.org/blog/post/reproductive-rights-are-an-economic-justice-issue/
36. WHITEHOUSE: “Reproductive justice is economic justice” | U.S. Senate Committee On The Budget – https://www.budget.senate.gov/chairman/newsroom/press/whitehouse-reproductive-justice-is-economic-justice
37. The Climate Crisis Is a Reproductive Justice Issue – https://www.nrdc.org/bio/khalil-shahyd/climate-crisis-reproductive-justice-issue
38. It’s Time to Combine the Fights for Climate Change and Reproductive Justice – https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/05/08/its-time-combine-fights-climate-change-and-reproductive-justice
39. Reproductive Justice Is Environmental Justice – https://www.eli.org/vibrant-environment-blog/reproductive-justice-environmental-justice
40. Honoring 30 Years of Reproductive Justice with a Revolutionary Vision for the Future – https://academyhealth.org/blog/2024-06/honoring-30-years-reproductive-justice-revolutionary-vision-future
41. Making Reproductive Justice a Reality: How We Can Learn from the Past to Achieve Equitable Access for All – https://www.benjerry.com/whats-new/2024/01/roe-abortion-anniversary
42. Conclusion – https://sites.duke.edu/womenandadvertising/exhibits/reproductive-v-pressure-motherhood/conclusion/
43. Reproductive rights are human rights – https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/reproductive-rights-are-human-rights/